地理学综合研究的途径与方法:格局与过程耦合

The integrated studies of geography:Coupling of patterns and processes

地理学是一门以综合性和区域性见长的学科。地理学的综合性通过要素多样化来体现,区域性则表现为区域分异或区域差异。地理学综合研究是对地球表层各要素的相互作用以及人地关系的研究,帮助我们认识地球表层系统的过去、现状和未来的趋势,把握其变化的脉搏。格局是认识世界的表观,过程是理解事物变化的机理,基于长期的野外观测和综合调查以及模型模拟,对不同时空尺度下的地理格局与过程进行耦合研究,是从机理上理解与解决地理学综合研究的有效途径与方法。文章结合在黄土高原地区的相关研究案例,探讨了将格局与过程耦合研究的地理学综合研究的途径与方法。

Geography is a subject which perceptibly reveals integration and regionalism. The integration means that the diversiform subjects in which geography is involved, and that the regionalism of geography is reflected by the regional differentiation. Through the comprehensive study of the interrelationships among the constituent elements of earth system and the relationship between natural and human systems, it helps us understand the variations of the past, present and future of earth system, and grasp the essence of these changes. Pattern helps us to understand the external features of the world and the process is conducive to the understanding of the internal biophysical mechanism of the world. On the basis of field observations and long-term comprehensive surveys, coupling of patterns and processes at different spatiotemporal scales is an effective way to understand and solve the problems in the field of geography. By analysis of the case studies in the Loess Plateau, the methods of coupling the patterns and processes in the integrated research of geography are discussed and explored.