长三角地区常规体检人群眼压和年龄 性别 眼别交叉分组研究

Intraocular pressure, age, gender, two eyes： A Cross-sectional study on the people for routine physical examination from the Yangtze River Delta region

目的 观察长三角地区常规体检人群眼压与年龄、性别、眼别的关系.方法 选取2007年10月至2013年12月在南京军区杭州疗养院海勤疗养区做非接触眼压检查者中左右眼压值相差3 mmHg以内者,取其双眼压均值列入统计.排除眼压值＜6.5 mmHg和＞25 mmHg者,排除戴隐形眼镜、有眼睛手术史以及患有可能会影响到眼压的眼病者等.按年龄、性别、眼别进行交叉分组分析.结果 有效样本101 753人（男64 990人,女36 763人）,平均年龄（41.77±12.65）岁,眼压总样本为右偏态分布,中值14 mmHg,均值14.196 mmHg.眼压Y与年龄X呈负相关有统计学意义（rs=-0.041,P＜0.05）,回归方程：Y=14.617-0.01X有统计学意义（F =247.32,P＜0.05）.男性眼压高于女性差异比较有统计学意义（Z =-29.007,P＜0.05）.在年龄分组中,男性眼压高于女性仅存在于20～70岁,差异比较有统计学意义（Z=-30.553,P＜0.05）;在20岁以下组男女差异比较无统计学意义（Z =-0.137,P=0.891）;70岁以上的两个组,女性眼压均反超男性,差异比较有统计学意义（Z =-2.05,P=0.04;Z=-2.446,P=0.014）.左眼压高于右眼压差异比较有统计学意义（Z =-27.545,P＜0.05）,但在80岁以上组左右眼压差异比较无统计学意义（Z=-1.142,P=0.253）.结论 眼压值与年龄呈负相关,在20～70岁男性眼压高于女性.80岁以下左眼压高于右眼压.

Objective To examine the relationship between intraocular pressure （IOP） and age,gender,two eyes in the people for physical examination from the Yangtze River Delta region.Methods This cross-sectional observational study included health check-up IOP subjects in Naval Convalescent Zone,Hangzhou Sanatorium,Nanjing Military Region,Hangzhou,from October 2007 to December 2013 using non-contact tonometer.Only the subjects that the differences in IOP within 3mmHg were enrolled,mean IOP of two eyes was used in the analysis.Following cases were excluded：contact lens wearers,having undergone ocular operation,with corneal and other ocular disease that could possibly affect their IOP,and the IOPs below 6.5mmHg or above 25mmHg.The relationship between IOP and age,gender,two eyes were analyzed statistically.Results A total of 101753 subjects were enrolled in the study （64990 males,36763 females）,the average age was 41.77± 12.65.The total IOP sample was right-skewed distribution,the sample median was 14mmHg,the mean IOP was 14.196 mmHg.IOP was significantly decreased with age （rs-0.041,P 〈0.05）.The regression equation of intraocular pressure Y with age X：Y 14.617-0.01X （F =47.32,P 〈0.05）.The male was significantly higher than the female in IOP （Z =-29.007,P 〈0.05）,well,as could been seen from IOP divided depending on age,it existed only between 20 to 70 years of age （Z =-30.553,P 〈0.05）.To the age group below 20 years old,the difference in IOP was not significant statistically （Z=-0.137,P=0.891）; to those two groups above 70 years old,the female＇s IOPs were higher than the male＇ s,which had significant statistically （Z=-2.05,P=0.04; Z =-2.446,P=0.014）.The IOP of the left eyes was higher than the right significantly （Z=-27.545,P 〈0.05）,and the difference in IOP was not significant statistically in the group over 80 years old （Z =-1.142,P=0.253）.Conclusions IOP is significantly decreased with age.The male＇s IOP is higher than the female＇s only in 20 to 70 years of age.The IOP of the left eyes is higher than the right in the adults below 80 years old.