船舶结构优化设计技术研究进展

Review on Optimum Design Methods of Ship Structures

从经典优化设计方法、启发式优化设计方法、基于代理模型的优化设计方法3个方面综述船舶结构优化设计中优化技术的发展,指出启发式算法较经典优化方法更适合船舶结构的优化设计。船舶结构求解由基于规范的方法逐渐向基于有限元的求解方法发展,用代理模型替代耗时的结构有限元分析使得大型舱段甚至整船结构的优化设计成为可能。如何将代理模型,特别是动态代理模型合理、高效地应用于船舶结构优化设计将是船舶结构优化研究的重点。

This paper reviews the development of optimization techniques of ship structures, including classical optimization methods, heuristic optimization methods, and surrogate-based optimization methods. The review indicates that heuristic optimization methods are more suitable for ship structure optimization than classical ones. Also, since the Finite Element Method （FEM）, instead of code-based method, is now being widely used to analyze ship structures, the optimization process of a large cabin structure, even the entire ship structures, can be significantly improved by using surrogate models to replace FEM analysis. The optimum employment of the surrogate-based method （adaptive surrogate-based methods in particular） for ship structure optimization design will be the focus of future research work.