番禺区结核病患者及其密切接触者结核病防治知识知晓率调查

Survey on awareness of prevention and control of tuberculosis in tuberculosis patients and their close contacts in Panyu District

目的了解番禺区结核病患者及其密切接触者对结核病防治知识的知晓率情况，为本区结核病健康教育及创建全国结核病防治示范区提供依据。方法采用整群抽样方法，对2013年1—8月在番禺区登记治疗的肺结核病患者及其密切接触者进行结核病防治信息问卷调查。结果本次共调查结核病患者783人，收回有效问卷760份，密切接触者1972人，收回有效问卷1905份。调查对象中结核病患者对防治核心信息总体知晓率为66.3％，男性总知晓率为68．锄，高于女性的63．1％（X^2=11．531，P〈0．01）。密切接触者的总体知晓率为69．9％，男性总知晓率为72．7％，高于女性的68．2％（X^2=21．263，P〈O．01）。结核病患者和密切接触者中，61-88岁组的知晓率分别为55．6％和60．5％，低于其他年龄组（X^2=16．488、28．197，P均〈O．01）；文化程度在小学及以下的知晓率分别为53.3％和60．3％，低于其他组（X^2=36．967、115．504，P均〈O．01）；农民及无业者的知晓率分别为61．3％和60．1％，低于其他组（X^2=21．760、128．625，P均〈0．01）。结论结核病患者和密切接触者中，文化程度为小学及以下者、60岁以上者、农民及无业者对结核病防治知识知晓率最低，应成为健康教育和健康促进的重点。

Objective To investigate the awareness rate of knowledge of tuberculosis（TB） prevention and control in TB patients and their close contacts in Panyu District, and to provide the basis for health education and construction of national demonstration area of TB prevention and control in the future. Methods By cluster sampling method, questionnaire survey was carried out to investigate the awareness of TB prevention and control knowledge in TB patients registered for treatment and their close contacts in Panyu District from January to August 2013. Results A total of 783 TB patients and 1 972 close contacts were enrolled in the study, with collection of 760 and 1 905 copies of valid questionnaire, respectively. The general awareness rate of TB core information in TB patients was 66.3%; the awareness rate of TB core information was higher in male TB patients than that in female TB patients （68.4% vs 63.1%; X^2=1 1.531, P〈0.01 ）. The general awareness rate in close contracts was 69.9%; the awareness rate in male close contacts was higher than that in female close contacts （72.7% vs 68.2%; ,X^2=21.263, P〈0.01）. The awareness rates in 60-88 year-old group were 55.6% and 60.5% of TB patients and their close contacts, respectively, which were lower than those of other age groups （X^2=16.488, 28.197, P〈0.01）. Awareness rates in group of educational level at primary school and below were 53.3% and 60.3%, which were lower than those in other educational level groups （X^2=36.967, 28.197, P〈0.01 ）. Awareness rates in farmer and unemployed group were 61.3% and 60.1%, which were lower than those in other occupation groups （X^2=21.760, 128.625, P〈 0.01 ）. Conclusions Health education and promotion should focus on farmers or people with primary school and below education or unemployed, or over 60 years old.