维-汉双语语义认知的事件相关电位特征研究

Characteristic research of Uyghur and Chinese semantic cognition in event-related potentials

为了研究维-汉双语者维吾尔语和汉语双语语义认知特点,本实验使用事件相关电位(event-related potentials,ERP)技术,以"图片-词语"语义启动范式研究了维-汉双语者的维吾尔语和汉语N400波的特点及差异波脑电地形图分布特点。结果显示:双语均有明显的语义启动效应,双语者两种语言的N400波的平均波幅没有语言间的差异,仅在汉语中存在语言与电极位置的交互作用,F3、F4、PZ三点波幅比其余电极波幅显著偏负;差异波脑电地形图显示,维吾尔语激活了几乎所有脑区(除了枕叶激活较弱),汉语的激活较维吾尔语弱,但也有大部分脑区激活,左右额叶和顶叶的激活明显。以上结果表明,维-汉双语者的两种语言均对语义启动敏感,额叶、顶叶参与两种语言间的转换,不熟练的维-汉晚双语者的双语语义加工过程均为大脑两半球共同协作的结果,没有明显的偏侧化。

The present study investigated the characteristic of semantic cognition of Uyghur-Chinese bilinguals. The event-related potentials （ERP） technique was used to explore the characteristic of N400 wave and topographic map of difference-waves with ＂picture-word＂ semantic priming paradigm. There were significant semantic priming effects on two languages. The average amplitude of N400 was similar in two languages, while average amplitudes of three electrodes （F3, F4, PZ） in Chinese were negative than others. Meanwhile, the activation of topographic map of Uyghur was almost in all regions except occipital lobe, and the degree of activation of Chinese was less than Uyghur, but the activation in parietal and bilateral frontal lobes was higher. In conclusion, the present study suggests that two languages of Uyghur-Chinese bilinguals are all sensitive to semantic priming. The bilateral frontal and parietal lobes participate in language switching. Semantic cognition of two languages in Uyghur-Chinese late non-proficient bilinguals is both completed by bilateral cerebral hemispheres. We have not found obvious lateralization on two languages of Uyghur-Chinese bilinguals.