职业学院在校生吸烟状况及影响因素研究

Study on current smoking status and influencing factors among undergraduates in a vocational college

目的了解职业院校在校生吸烟现状及影响因素,以便制定相应的对策,减少学生吸烟行为的发生。方法采用分层整群抽样方法,利用自行设计的调查表,对某职业院校442名在校生进行问卷调查。结果442名被调查者吸烟率为35.97%,男性为46.3%,女性为8.3%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);吸烟人群中,经常吸烟者占75.5%,偶尔吸烟者占8.2%,尝试吸烟者占16.3%。学生的吸烟行为受父母、周围同学及老师的影响(P<0.05)。吸烟者与非吸烟者在对吸烟相关知识的认知方面差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素分析结果显示,男性、周围父母、同学吸烟、压力、焦虑等是吸烟的危险因素。结论职业院校在校生吸烟率较高,对吸烟危害缺乏全面认识,在职业院校应针对学生的心理特点,尤其对学生吸烟行为的危险因素进行重点干预。

Objective To understand the current smoking status and influencing factors among undergraduates in a vocational college, so as to formulate corresponding measures to reduce smoking. Methods A total of 442 students were sampled with the stratified cluster sampling method and investigated by using a self-designed questionnaire in a vocational college. Results Among the 442 respondents, the total smoking rate was 35.97 %. The smoking rates were 46.3 % and 8.3 % in the male students and female students, respectively （P 〈 0.05）. Among all the smokers, the frequent smokers accounted for 75.5%, occasional smokers for 8.2%, and attempt smokers for 16.3%. The smoking behavior of the students was affected by their parents, classmates and teachers （P〈 0.05）. There was a significant difference between smokers and non-smokers in terms of knowledge related to smoking cognition （P 〈 0.05）. The multivariate analysis showed that male, parents, classmates around smoking, stress, and anxiety were the risk factors of smoking. Conclusions The smoking rate is high in the vocational college students, and they lack of comprehensive understanding of the smoking harm. Therefore, the target interventions should be enhanced.