徐州市中小学生饮水习惯与饮水环境现况研究

Investigation on habits and environments of drinking water among primary and secondary school students in Xuzhou City

目的了解徐州市中小学生饮水习惯和饮水环境的关系,为实施饮食行为干预提供基础资料。方法采用分层整群抽样方法确定调查对象,对徐州市588名中小学生及其家长的饮水习惯和饮品种类进行问卷调查。结果中小学生喜欢的饮品种类不同,差异有统计学意义(χ2=15.305,P<0.05);中小学生喜欢的饮品顺位是相同的,依次为奶类、豆浆或果汁、白开水或纯净水、碳酸饮料、茶类饮料;中小学生每日实际饮用量最多的是白开水或纯净水;家长最喜欢的饮品为白开水或纯净水;69.2%家长的饮水种类和24.7%家长的日饮水量符合健康标准;学生课间饮水种类与商店售水种类没关系(r=0.027,P>0.05);学生回家后的饮水种类与家长的饮水种类有关系(r=0.108,P<0.05)。结论应使学校、家庭和个人3方配合,实施饮食行为干预,培养中小学生良好的饮水习惯。

Objective To understand the relationship between drinking habits and environments of drinking water among primary and secondary school students in Xuzhou City, so as to provide the evidence for performing dietary behavior interventions. A total of 588 students from middle and elementary schools and their parents were sample by the cluster stratified sample method and surveyed by questionnaires, and the results were analyzed statistically by SFSS 16.0 software. Resets There was a variation of drinking preferences between the primary school pupils and secondary school students （x2 = 15. 305,P 〈 0.05）. Aocording to the attractiveness,the drinks were ranked in the order of milk, soymilk/fruit juices, boiled water/purified water, carbonated drinks and tea drinks. The most widely oonsumed drink among parents was boiled water/purified water. The drink kind was satisfied with the health standard in 69.2% of the parents, and the drink volume each day was satisfied with the health standard in 24.7% of the parents. There was no significant difference between the kinds of drinks that students chose during the class break and the kinds of drinks sold by shops （ r = 0.027, P 〉0.05）. A positive correlation was found between the kinds of drinks that students had and their parents had when they back home （ r = 0. 108, P 〈 0. 05 ） . Conclusions The schools, families and individuals should cooperate to cultivate good drinking habits among primary and secondary school students through dietary behavior interventions.