细胞自噬在胃癌中的相关研究进展

Research progress of autophagy in gastric cancer

细胞自噬指细胞利用溶酶体降解细胞质中错误折叠的蛋白质及受损细胞器等以重新利用胞内的降解物质、降解胞内有害物质的过程,以维持细胞内环境稳定。正常状态下细胞的自噬维持在低水平,当细胞处在不利因素条件下时,自身自噬也会被激活应对不利因素。自噬在肿瘤发生、发展、转移、复发、药物抵抗等方面有着重要作用,但自噬在这些方面的详细机制仍不清楚。本文对胃癌细胞中自噬相关基因的表达情况及利用自噬促进胃癌细胞死亡等方面进行阐述,自噬治疗在胃癌中具有重要的应用前景。

Autophagy is the process through which cells utilize lysosomal hydrolases to degrade cytoplasmic misfolded proteins and damaged organelles. This process allows cells to reuse degradation products and degrade harmful substances to maintain intracellu-lar stability. The autophagy level is low at the normal cell state. Cells under unfavorable conditions activate autophagy to eliminate ad-verse factors. An increasing number of studies have shown that autophagy plays important roles in tumorigenesis, tumor progression, metastasis, relapse, and drug resistance. However, the detailed mechanisms remain unclear. This review summarizes the expression of gastric cancer cell-related autophagy genes and the mechanism by which autophagy promotes gastric cancer cell death. Autophagy has an important application prospect in treating gastric cancer.