基于飞行仿真的Herbst机动飞行员过载分析

Pilot load analysis under Herbst maneuver based on flight simulation

目的利用飞行仿真获取Herbst机动中飞行员生理坐标系下的各方向过载,并对获得的典型数据进行分析。方法依据典型4代机设计参数,在CAD软件中建立飞机三维几何模型,通过飞行仿真获取机体质心6个关键运动参数,根据中国飞行员人体测量数据建立人体三维几何模型;依据座舱和座椅在飞机中的位置建立飞机与人体装配模型;通过人机系统运动学分析获取机动飞行时人体不同部位的各方向过载,对3 km高度、90 m/s速度下开展的Herbst机动进行过载分析。结果人体胸部、足部和头部各方向过载基本一致,但手部与胸部Gy曲线相差很大,手部过载峰值约为1.6 g;在人体三向过载中+Gx峰值最大,约为3.0 g。结论使用机体质心过载曲线代替人体过载曲线会带来较大误差,在研究多轴向载荷对操控行为的影响时手部Gy过载曲线不能使用其他部位过载代替。

Objective To obtain the multi-axis load histories on physiological coordinate of the pilot when perform- ing Herbst maneuver by flight simulation, and make analysis on the obtained typical data. Methods The 3 D geo- metrical model of the aircraft was established in CAD software based on design parameters of the fourth-genera- tion aircraft, 6 key motion parameters of mass center were obtained by flight simulation, and 3D human body model was developed according to anthropometric measurement data of Chinese male pilot; based on the loca- tion of cabin and seat in the aircraft, the assembly model with both the aircraft and human body was established and the multi-axis load histories at different locations of human body under Herbst maneuver were obtained through kinematics analysis of the human-aircraft system. An analytic case of Herbst maneuver at altitude of 3 km and flight velocity of 90 m/s was carried out. Results The load histories at chest, foot and head of human body were basically coincided, but Gy histories between the chest and hand were different; the Gy peak value of hand was about 1.6 g; under the multi-axis loads, the ＋ Gx peak value was about 3.0 g, being the maximum. Conclu- sions The load histories of aircraft mass center cannot be used as those of human body because it may have some deviation, and the Gy histories for hand cannot be replaced by load histories of other locations on human body when they are used for analysis on effects of multi-axis load on operating behaviors of the aircraft.