华东地区33家医疗单位放射诊疗设备机房防护水平调查

Survey of protection level of radiation equipment room in thirty-three medical units in East China

目的放射诊疗设备的迅速发展对防护设施提出了更高的要求,文中通过调查放射诊疗设备机房防护现状,提出相应对策,从而提高放射防护水平。方法对华东地区33家医疗单位的拍片机、CT机、伽玛刀、加速器、后装治疗机等设备的许可证及档案进行现场调查,对设备所在机房的面积、墙壁厚度、防护门铅当量及防护泄漏水平进行检测,并依据相应的国家标准进行评价和分析。结果 1三甲医院放射诊疗设备检查合格率分别为后装机(100%)、拍片机(99%)、胃肠机(98%)、CT机(98%)、加速器(98%)、伽玛刀(97%)、DSA(94%)、PET-CT(94%)、ECT(90%)、牙片机(84%)和钼靶机(84%);其他等级医院为加速器(100%)、拍片机(91%)、CT机(89%)、胃肠机(80%)、DSA(80%)和伽玛刀(80%)。2核医学、放射诊断和放射治疗3种类型设备机房外辐射泄漏检测合格率分别为100%、99%、97%。结论华东地区33家医疗单位放射诊疗设备及设施防护水平有待加强,应加强监督,落实规章制度,严格执行放射防护评价制度,加强放射防护法规和技能的培训。

Objective The rapid development of radiation equipment has put forward higher requirements for protective facil -ities.The aim of this study was to research the radiation protection status of treatment equipment room in thirty -three medical units from East China area , and to put forward corresponding countermeasures to improve the level of radiation protection . Methods The li-cense and archival of X-ray machine, CT, gamma knife, accelerator, after loading therapy machine were surveyed in the thirty-three medical units .The engine room size , wall thickness , lead equivalent of protection doors , and leakage level of equipment were detec-ted.All the data were evaluated and analyzed on the basis of the corresponding national standards . Results ①The inspection pass rates of radiation treatment equipments in the first class hospitals were afterloader （100%）, X-ray apparatus（99%）, gastrointestinal machine（98%）, CT（98%）, medical processing accelerator （98%）, gamma knife（97%）, DSA（94%）, PET-CT（94%）, ECT （90%）, dental engine（84%）and molybdenum target drone （84%）.The inspection pass rates of radiation treatment equipments in other class hospitals were medical processing accelerator （100%）, X-ray apparatus（91%）, CT（89%）, gastrointestinal machine （80%）, DSA（80%） and （80%） gamma knife.②The qualified rates of the leakage radiation levels of radiation therapy , diagnostic radiology and nuclear medicine were 100%, 99% and 97%. Conclusion The radiation protection of treatment equipments and facilities in thirty-three medical units from East China area needs to be strengthened . We should strengthen supervision , implement the rules and regulations , strictly perform the regulation of radiation protection evalua-tion, and strengthen the training of radiation protection regulations and skills .