试论运动灵敏素质的特征与科学机制

On the characteristics and scientific mechanism of players' agility

"快"和"变"是运动灵敏素质的本质特征,灵敏素质还具有鲜明的项目特征、非均衡发展与阶段性发展特征、较高的遗传性和明显的可塑性特征、注重动作的规范性和准确性特征。反应时、感觉器官的机能状况、肌肉系统的机能状态、灵敏素质的供能特点等是影响灵敏素质的主要生理学机制;反应类型、动作准备、注意策略、唤醒水平等是影响灵敏素质的主要心理学机制。

The study demonstrated that speed and change were the essential characteristics of agility. Agility also had distinct characteristics in different games：uneven and periodical development,high heredity and changeable characteristics,and emphasizing standardized and accurate movements dur-ing exercises. The study also analyzed the scientific mechanism of agility from the views of physiolo-gy and psychology. It showed that reaction time,human senses and muscle functions,energy-provi-ding system were the main physiology mechanism that would affect agility. Reaction types,motor preparation ,attention tactics and arousal level were the main physiology mechanism that would affect agility.