后现代视野下的空间自传叙事与自传叙事空间

Spatial Autobiographical Narrative and Autobiographical Narrative Space

勒热纳的"自传空间"和杜克的"空间自传"长期被评论界忽视。本文从这两个概念出发,指出两者虽使用不同表述,但阐述的只是自传空间性的两个方面。在对两个概念进行批判性理解的基础上,本文利用叙事学理论,从叙事类型和叙事策略两个角度构建空间自传叙事和自传叙事空间这两个术语。一方面通过展开前一个概念向批评界析出后现代空间自传叙事的一本众干—旅游自传、地理自传、生态自传、漫游自传、离散自传等,凸显地理、空间或场域变化与自传主自我个性成长和发展之间的内在关系、模式和意义;另一方面通过引出后一个概念,突出自传的空间实践性,阐明自传叙事的空间性构建策略,最后利用构建的理论框架分析离散自传这一最为显著的后现代空间叙事形式,为读者和评论界提供一个利用本文创设的理论框架分析某一具体自传文类,甚至具体文本的范式。

The essay studies the spatial forms and spatiality of autobiography from two aspects. On the one hand, it scrutinizes subgenres of spatial autobiography, such as autotravography, autotopography, ecoautobiography, flaneur narrative and diasporic autobiography, paying specific attention to their representation of space, geography and locus. On the other hand, it examines autobiographical spatiality to discuss how autobiography becomes the juxtapositional realm of reality and fiction as well as the representational space of multiple identities and narrative strategies. Finally, it studies diasporic autobiography as a typical postmodern narrative of spatial autobiography that emphatically represents spatiality.