总集凡例与文学批评——以《读雪山房唐诗选》凡例为中心

Explanatory Notes to a Collection and Literary Criticism——Based on the explanatory notes to Duxue Shanfang Selection of Tang Poetry

管世铭《读雪山房唐诗选》是清代中后期较有影响的唐诗选本。此书凡例系统论述唐诗各体发展历程,品评重要作家作品,不立门户,博贯兼综,体现了清代文学批评气度宽宏、善纳百川的特色。尤为引人注目的是,作者打破了一书一凡例、以凡例介绍撰述宗旨和体例的常规,将凡例作为纯粹的文学批评体式,在一书之中以七篇凡例开展颇具规模和体系的唐诗分体研究,标志着凡例已获得了独立的文学批评功能,这在古代书籍编纂史和文学批评史上都是创举。

Duxue Shanfang Selection of Tang Poetry by Guan Shiming is one of the influential selections of Tang poetry in the middle and late Qing Dynasty.The explanatory notes to the collection provide a systematic examination of the evolution of various forms of Tang poetry and also give critical analysis of major poets and their works.The author of the notes does not speak in favor any particular poetic school; rather he is perfectly impartial and inclusive in his critical commentaries,well demonstrating the generous and all-embracing spirit of literary criticism in the Qing Dynasty.Most prominently,the author is innovative in that he breaks the convention of one note for one book with the note given to introducing the purpose and organization of that book.Instead,he takes the note as a vehicle for pure literary criticism.In this work,Guang Shiming has offered seven notes to share his generic research into Tang poetry,suggesting that explanatory notes have emerged as a separate form of literary criticism.This is a significant innovation in both the history of ancient book compilation and the history of literary criticism