石墨烯纤维研究进展

Progress in Research of Graphene Fibers

石墨烯纤维是2011年才发展起来的一种以天然石墨为最初原料的新型碳质纤维,由石墨烯或者功能化石墨烯纳米片的液晶原液经湿法纺丝一维有序组装而成。石墨烯纤维具有良好的机械性能、电学性能和导热性能,可用于导电织物、散热、储能等领域。将其他物质引入石墨烯纤维中还可得到特定功能的石墨烯复合纤维,如将聚合物加入石墨烯纤维得到结构精巧、力学性能良好的石墨烯仿贝壳纤维;将磁性纳米粒子加入得到磁性的石墨烯复合纤维;加入Ag纳米线得到高导电的石墨烯复合纤维。石墨烯纤维良好的柔韧性使其在柔性器件如柔性超级电容器等领域得到应用。综述了石墨烯纤维的研究现状,对纯石墨烯纤维、石墨烯复合纤维的制备和应用进行了详细的阐述,并对石墨烯纤维的发展方向进行了展望。

Graphene fibers, originally made from natural graphite, were first reported in 2011 as a new kind of carbonaceous fiber. They are one-dimensionally assembled from neat graphenes or functionalized graphenes liquid crystals by wetspinning. Graphene fibers exhibit good mechanical, electrical, and thermal performance, providing wide applications in fields of conductive fabrics, heat dissipation, and energy storage. By introducing other molecules into graphene fibers, graphene composite fibers with special function can be produced. Nacre mimic graphene composite fibers with layered structure and excellent mechanical properties can be obtained by adding polymer; magnetic or highly conductive graphene fibers can be fabricated by introducing magnetic or conductive nanoparticles. In addition, graphene fibers can be fabricated into flexible devices such as supercapacitors. Here, we reviewed the progress in research of graphene fibers, including the preparation and applications of neat graphene fibers and graphene composite fibers. We also gave a perspective on the future of graphene fibers.