我国博士生就业影响因素实证研究

Analysis of Factors Influencing Doctoral Students' Employment

随着我国博士生培养规模持续扩大,博士生整体就业率呈现波动型下滑趋势。本文选取社会经济、教育发展和个体特征等指标,基于2004-2010年的相关统计数据,实证分析了上述因素对我国博士生就业状况的影响情况,并据此从宏观、中观和微观层面提出促进博士生就业的相关政策建议。研究结果发现:博士毕业生规模、硕士生就业状况、GDP增长率、城市化水平和博士生政治面貌皆对其就业产生积极的正向影响;而第三产业发展状况和人均可支配收入则对其有一定的负面影响。此外,在就业过程中,女博士并未由于性别因素而表现出相对劣势,其就业状况反而优于同期男博士的平均水平。

In China, doctoral education has been increasingly expanded in recent years, while the overall employment rate of graduate students presents a downward trend. In this paper, we analyses doctoral students＂ employment by factors of economic, educational and individual characterswith data from 2004 to 2010. At last, the measures of employment policies were introduced from the macro, meso and micro levels respectively.The results show that variables as postgraduate scale, graduate employment, GDP growth, urbanization rate and political status have positive effect; development of the third industry and disposable income per capita have negative effect. In addition, female doctors are not inferior to male doctors in the process of seeking jobs. On the contrary, female doctors＂ employment is better than the average level of males over the same period.