2013年云南玉米品种筛选研究

Comparative Experiment of Maize(Zea mays L.) Variety of Yunnan in 2013

[目的]为筛选抗性强、耐瘠、优质、高产、稳产和适宜云南省不同地区种植的玉米(Zea mays L.)新品种。[方法]引进12个2013年云南省普通玉米品种区域试验参试品种,设海禾2号为对照(CK)进行对比试验,对各品种的农艺性状、经济性状、产量性状进行分析比较。[结果]在参试的12个品种中,QA19和QA20较对照海禾2号增产,并且该品种株型半紧凑,成株整齐,丰产性好,综合农艺性状表现好,中晚熟品种,建议进一步参加试验。QA21、QA22和QA23较对照海禾2号均减产,但幅度较小,综合性状良好,建议进一步参加试验。QA16较海禾2号减产24.9%,QA15减产15.2%,穗腐病感染严重,抗倒伏性能差,没有推广价值,但在试验的中后期严重干旱,对产量影响很大,建议进一步试验种植。[结论]该研究可为加快良种的更新步伐和不断增加玉米单产,并为品种的审定、推广提供科学依据。

[Objective] The aim was to select new maize varieties with strong resistance for the filter,anti-barren,high quality,high yield and suitable for cultivation in different parts of Yunnan Province.[Method] 12 new maize varieties joined in 2013 regional test of Yunnan Province were introduced,and their agronomic traits,economic traits and yield traits were analyzed and compared,taking Haihe No.2 as control（CK）.[Result] During 12 trial varieties,QA19 and QA20 were mid-late maturity varieties and their yield increased comparing to CK,and their comprehensive agronomic characters were fine and showed semi-compact plant type,uniform adult plant,good high yielding ability,so more experiments were suggested.The yield of QA21,QA22 and QA23 all decreased comparing to CK but the decrease width was a little,and their comprehensive agronomic characters was better,so more experiments were suggested.The yield of QA16 and QA15 decreased 24.9％ and 15.2％ comparing to CK,and their ear rot were serious and their resistance to lodging was worse,so they had no promotion value,but serious dought in the mid-late period of test had big effect on yield,so more experiments were suggested.[Conclusion] The study provides a scientific basis for speeding up the pace of updating good seeds,increasing maize yield gradually,and varieties＇ examination and promotion.