乌鲁木齐市大气污染与儿童哮喘住院人数的相关性

Correlation analysis between the number of hospitalization asthmatic in children and air pollution and meteorological factors

目的探讨儿童哮喘住院人数与大气污染及气象因素的相关性。方法监测乌鲁木齐市内空气污染及气象因素,收集乌鲁木齐市2003-2012年3所三级甲等医院哮喘患儿住院人数,采用直线相关、等级相关分析方法分别分析空气污染、气象因子指标与哮喘住院人数间的相关性,并分析空气污染与气象因子间的相关性。结果大气环境污染物及气象因素相辅相成,空气污染及气象因素均不同程度地影响儿童哮喘住院人数。可吸入颗粒物(PM10)、二氧化硫(SO2)、二氧化氮(NO2)均与儿童哮喘住院人数呈正相关;儿童哮喘住院人数与平均气温、相对湿度呈负相关,与平均气压呈正相关,且平均气温是影响哮喘住院人数的主要指标之一。结论空气污染、气象变化是儿童哮喘发生的重要危险因素,应采取多种措施改善大气质量及气象预报工作,尽可能减少儿童哮喘的发生。

Objective To investigate the correlation between the number of hospitalized children with asth-ma and air pollution and meteorological factors.Methods After monitoring of air pollution and meteoro-logical factors in Urumqi,and collecting the number of children with asthma in the hospital from three hospitals （2003-2012）,the linear correlation,rank correlation analysis method were respectively used to analyze the air pollution,meteorological factor index,the correlation among the number of hospitalized with asthma,and to explore the correlation between air pollution and meteorological factors.Results En-vironmental pollutants and meteorological factors complemented each other.Different levels of air pollution and meteorological factors affected the number of hospitalized children with asthma.Particulate matter （PM10）and sulfur dioxide （SO2 ）,nitrogen dioxide （NO2 ）were positively correlated with the number of hospitalized children asthma;The number of children asthma hospitalization and negatively cor-related with the average temperature,relative humidity positively correlated with the average pressure, and the average temperature was one of the main indicators influencing asthma hospital admissions.Con-clusion Air pollution,climate change are one of the important risk factors for childhood asthma occur-rence.we should take various measures to improve air quality and meteorological forecast,as far as possi-ble to reduce the occurrence of asthma in children.