认知语言学:外部批评、理论回应和反思

Cognitive Linguistics:External Critique,Theoretical Responses and Reflection

学界虽然对认知语言学的质疑和批评研究不少,但学者们一般并未严格区分批评视角。本文在简述内外部批评法和两种常用的外部批评手段的基础上,专门探讨学界针对认知语言学之理论假设和方法论所作的外部批评(或者说解构性批评)、认知学者的理论回应以及我们的理论反思。鉴于外部批评本质上是基于外部标准或外部立场基础上的理论冲突和对立,因此,对任何一个理论而言,外部批评都是对其理论合理合法性的最大挑战。有鉴于此,认知语言学者对针对认知语言学的各种外部批评采取了有力的反击和回应,捍卫了其理论的合理合法性。

Though there is a distinction between internal and external critique approaches,scholars generally appeal to a general critique approach to make a critique of cognitive linguistics.Based on a discussion of the distinction between internal and external critique approaches,this paper mainly discusses the major external critiques targeted at both the theoretical assumptions and methodology of cognitive linguistics.Also,theoretical responses aimed at those critiques and our reflection on them have been discussed.Since external critique indicates a ruthless academic attack or combat against a theory,it can be the biggest challenge to the theoretical legitimacy of any theory.Therefore,cognitive linguistics scholars have launched a forceful counterattack on those external critiques targeted at it and successfully defended its own position and legitimacy.