中国产业国际竞争力的评估及企业所有制差异的影响研究——基于出口增加值核算方法的分析

The Estimation of International Competitiveness of Chinese Industry and the Enterprise' Ownership Effect: An Analysis based on Trade Value-added Accounting

本文运用增加值贸易核算方法对1995～2009年中国32个产业的出口增加值进行了计算，并在此基础上对中国产业国际竞争力进行了评估。结果表明，中国产业国际竞争力整体水平不高，初级产品部门和服务部门表现相对较好，但技术密集型部门和劳动力资源密集型部门竞争力指数不高。本文运用动态面板模型对国际竞争力的影响因素进行了实证分析。结果表明，企业所有制差异是影响我国产业国际竞争力的重要因素。从所有权结构看，民营企业对出口增加值的贡献最大，外资企业次之，国有企业最小。

This paper used trade value-added accounting method to calculate added value of China's exports,on the basis of it,international competitiveness of Chinese industry were assessed. The data covered 32 industries from 1995 ~ 2009. It found that the overall level of international competitiveness of Chinese industry was low,and the primary sector and service sector performed relatively well,but the technology-intensive sectors and labor resource-intensive sectors' competitiveness were not strong. A dynamic panel model was used to analyse factors that affect international competitiveness. The results showed that different ownership has different effect on international competitiveness of the industry. Among them,private enterprises were the biggest contributors to the increase of added value in exports,followed by foreign-funded enterprises,and contribution of state-owned enterprises was the smallest.