胆道闭锁免疫失调机制的研究进展

Advances of immunologic dysregulation mechanism in biliary atresia

胆道闭锁是一类累及新生儿肝胆系统的危害严重的疾病，该病在东亚民族高发。目前认为可能与遗传易感、病毒感染及免疫失调等有关，其中免疫失调可能是胆道闭锁发病的中心环节。病毒感染而继发胆管上皮自身免疫炎症损伤的学说目前逐渐获得国内外同行的认可，现对胆道闭锁免疫损伤失调机制的研究进展进行综述。

Biliary atresia（BA） is a destructive inflammatory obhterative cholanglopathy ol neonates altecting both intrahepatic and extrahepatic bile ducts. BA is more common in east Asia. Genetic susceptibility, viral infections, and immune dysregulation may be related to BA, but immune dysregulation may play a key hole in the pathogenesis of BA. A current view of the pathogenesis of BA is that it may involve both a primary perinatal hepatobiliary viral infection and a secondary generation of an autoimmune-mediated bile duct epithelial injury. The etiology of BA is unknown, but there is evidence for the involvement of immunologic dysregulation mechanisms ,which will be discussed in this review.