基层口腔医务人员职业暴露防护现况调查

Survey of occupational exposure protection among health care workers in grass-roots oral health care institutions

目的：探讨基层口腔医务人员职业暴露情况，制定有效的干预措施。方法应用分层随机整群方法抽取商丘市县级以下口腔医疗机构临床一线工作人员385名进行统一问卷调查，调查内容包括一般情况、口腔职业暴露的相关知识、防护行为，防护管理措施。结果374名基层口腔医护人员职业暴露基础知识认知，知晓率在20．9％～72．7％，平均得分（5．1±1．1）分；职业暴露防护行为认知，知晓率在9．4％～98．4％，平均得分（6．7±1．2）分；职业暴露防护行为不同职称间比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）；手机一人一用一灭菌，县、乡两级医院与口腔诊所比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）；医师在使用手机前后踩脚闸情况，县级医院与口腔诊所比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）；手机采样监控乡级医院与口腔诊所之间差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。结论基层口腔医务人员职业暴露相关知识严重缺乏，职业暴露的防护行为不规范，基层医院口腔职业暴露安全防护措施管理存在问题，应加强基层口腔医务人员的持续培训，对诊疗过程中的防护行为进行规范、督导，建立基层医院安全防护机制。

OBJECTIVE To explore the status of occupational exposure among the health care workers in grass-roots stomatology departments and put forward effective intervention measures .METHODS By means of the stratified random cluster method ,a total of 385 frontline health care workers were extracted from the oral health care insti-tutions below the country level of Shangqiu ,then uniform questionnaire survey was conducted ,and the survey contents involved the general condition ,related knowledge of occupational exposure ,protection behaviors ,and prevention measures .RESULTS As for the awareness of the baseline knowledge of occupational exposure among the 374 health care workers ,the awareness rate varied from 20 .9% to 72 .7% ,with the average score of （5 .1 ± 1 .1）points;the awareness rate of protection behaviors of occupational exposure protection varied from 9 .4% to 98 .4% ,with the average score of （6 .7 ± 1 .2）points;the difference in the protection behaviors between the health care workers with different titles was significant（P〈0 .05） .The difference in the sterilization of cellphone for each to use once between the country-level dental clinics and town-level dental clinics was significant （P〈0 .05）;the difference in the stepping on the foot brake be-fore and after the use of mobile phones between the country-level hospitals and the dental clinics was significant （ P〈0 .05）;the difference in the monitoring of mobile phone sampling between the town-level hospital and the dental clinics was significant （P〈0 .05） .CONCLUSION The health care workers in the grass-roots oral health care institutions lack the related knowledge of occupational exposure ,the protection behaviors are not standard ,and there are problems in the man-agement of safe protection measures for the occupational exposure in the grass-roots oral health care institutions .It is nec-essary to strengthen the continuous training of the health care workers ,standardize and supervise the protection behaviors during the diagnosis and treatment ,and establish the safe protection mechanism in the grass-roots hospitals .