我国地方法院小额诉讼程序设计差异性考察

A Study on the Regional Difference of Procedure Design of Small-claim Lawsuits in China

我国小额诉讼操作规则的立法缺失促使各地方法院制定了差异迥然的小额诉讼程序规范。建立统一的小额诉讼程序是民诉法未来发展必要举措,而对各地小额诉讼操作规则差异性因素进行研究,在制度层面进行融合是未来制定相关立法解释或司法解释的前提和基础。对京、津、浙、陕、桂五地小额诉讼程序差异性的研究,揭示了我国小额诉讼程序应当按照扩大案件适用范围、法院强制适用与当事人异议相结合、超标的额合意适用、规范转换程序、运用特殊再审程序救济模式进行具体的制度设计。

The new Civil Procedure Law does not stipulate the procedures operation of small- claim lawsuit, so the Supreme Courts at all levels formulate relative documents to guide the grass-roots courts within their jurisdictions how to apply the procedures. Establishing an u- niform small-claim lawsuit procedures is the necessary measure for the future development of Civil Procedure Law, and the integration at the institutional level is the prerequisite and ba- sis for the future formulation of relative legislation interpretation and judicial interpreta- tion. Through the research of relative files in Beijing, Tianjin, Zhejiang, Shanxi and Guan- gxi provinces, we can find that the procedures of small-claim lawsuit vary in different re- gions. By researching and combing through these files, we argue that a more scientific and rational system design should be selected. Proceeding from the past progress, the theory of law should be applied to improve the design. It is a rational choice to upgrade the function of small-claim lawsuit procedures.