欧债危机对欧洲联盟深层次影响探析

An Analysis of the Impacts of the European Debt Crisis on the European Integration

欧洲债务危机在持续四年多之后基本度过高潮期,欧元区包括欧洲联盟(欧盟)正趋于稳定。此次欧债危机的持续时间长、波及面广,必然对欧盟和欧洲一体化进程产生深远影响。第一,欧债危机促使欧盟的一体化从"单速"转向"双速"甚至"多速";第二,欧债危机不仅揭示出欧盟本质上依然还是一个特殊的国际政府间组织,而且致使欧洲一体化更难以向可与大国比肩的国际体系中"极"的方向发展;第三,尽管欧债危机显示欧盟难以成为世界一"极",但却促使其已拥有的某些专属权限进一步强化,欧盟在当前的国际体系转型中依然还有影响力。因此,欧债危机不仅不会导致欧盟解体,而且还会在一定程度上促使欧盟及欧洲一体化进程呈现出某种新的特征。这对中欧全面战略伙伴关系的未来建构有着重要的理论和政策意义。

The European debt crisis broke out at the end of 2009 and has been slowly relieved after lasting for four years. This paper mainly discusses the impacts of the crisis on European integration. First, the European debt crisis contributes to the transformation of European integration development from 'single speed' to 'two-speeds' and 'multi-speeds'. Second, the European debt crisis reveals that the EU is still a special international intergovernmental organization and the crisis has made it harder for the European integration to develop towards a 'pole' similar to the great state powers in the international system. Third, although the European debt crisis makes it harder for the EU to become a 'pole' in the world, it has strengthened some of its exclusive competences and the EU will remain influential in the current transformation of the international system. Therefore, the European debt crisis will not lead to the disintegration of the European Union and to a certain extent the European integration process will present some new features due to the influences of the crisis.