GLP-1受体激动剂肾功能调节作用的研究进展

Progress in Research of Renal Effect of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists

GLP-1受体是广泛分布于人体多个组织和器官中的一种G蛋白偶联受体,它参与体内糖代谢的调控,是糖尿病领域的研究热点。GLP-1受体激动剂能够作用于胰岛,调节胰岛素和胰高血糖素的分泌,促进胰岛B细胞增殖并抑制其凋亡;作用于胃肠道,延缓胃排空和抑制糖脂吸收;作用于中枢神经细胞发挥神经保护作用。越来越多的研究发现,GLP-1受体激动剂对肾脏功能具有调节作用。在动物实验中,大鼠给予GLP-1受体激动剂后尿排出量显著增加,尿液中钠离子浓度大幅度升高,此外,钾、碳酸氢等离子的排泄量均有不同程度地增加;同时,肾小球滤过率和肾血流量均明显升高。其作用机制可能涉及两个方面:GLP-1受体激动剂直接作用于肾脏GLP-1受体调节电解质的转运以及作用于肾脏脉管系统影响肾脏血流动力学。本文将对此作用的研究现状做简要综述。

GLP-1 receptor, a G protein-coupled receptor, has been widely identified in many tissues and organs in human body. By playing an important role in the regulation of glycometabolism, it is a star in the research of diabetes mellitus. GLP-1 receptor agonists exhibit functions such as regulation of insulin and glucagon, stimulation to proliferation of pancreas islet B cells and inhibiting its apoptosis, suppression to gastric emptying and absorption of glucose and triglyceride, neural protection and so on. Cumulative evidence supports a role of GLP-1 receptor agonists in modulation of renal fimction. The administration of GLP-1 receptor agonists cause obvious diuresis, elevate the excretion of electrolytes and increase glomerular filtration rate （GFR） and renal plasma flow （RPF）, This manuscript reviews the latest research progress in this field.