宋代太湖平原的农民兼业

The Concurrent Business Behavior of Taihu Plain Peasant Households in Song Dynasty

宋代的太湖平原农业发达,当地农民在土地上精耕细作以求尽地力来维持生计。但由于北宋中期以后人地矛盾的不断尖锐,单纯依靠农业生产已不能满足家庭的生活开支,一些占有"尺寸之地"的农户更是出现劳动力的间歇性闲置,这也使得农民或从家庭内部着眼调整生产结构或转为"他业"来贴补家用,走上兼业化的道路。

Taihu plains agriculture is comparatively advanced in Song dynasty, local peasants depend on intensive cultivation to feed itself. However, in the backdrop of the contradiction of man and earth, pure agriculture income was unable to meet the family living. The phenomenon of idle work：force appeared in some peasant households which owned the land of size. All of this made farmers adjust the structure of production or take part-time work in other fields in order to help with the bills, which caused farmers to step onto the sideline business.