水稻镉代谢与控制研究进展

Advances in Research of Cadmium Metabolism and Control in Rice Plants

水稻具有吸附镉的特性,使得镉成为稻米产品的主要污染物,影响粮食供给安全和食品安全。本文从水稻吸收积累镉的3个环节,即根系对镉的活化和吸收、木质部的装载和运输、经节间韧皮部富集到水稻籽粒中,综合评述了镉在水稻生长过程中的代谢规律,运转蛋白和关键基因的控制机制,环境和投入品对水稻吸收镉的影响,以及水稻镉控制的研究进展。并结合中国实际情况,从农业可持续生产、控制稻米安全角度,辨证地探讨水稻镉控制的研究方向。

Cadmium （Cd） is one of the major pollutants in rice grains, for rice plants can absorb Cd easily. Thus, it becomes the potential important pollutant for the food supply and food safety in China. In this review, the authors attempt to show three important steps in the bio-accumulation of Cd in rice plants, including the activation and absorption of Cd by rice roots, the loading and transportation of Cd by rice xylem, and the enrichment of Cd in rice grains by the phloem from rice intemodes. The metabolic process of Cd at different rice growing stages, the control mechanism of Cd through transport protein and key genes, and the influence of environmental conditions and inputs to Cd accumulation in rice plants were discussed. The future research of Cd control mechanism in rice was also highlighted from the viewpoint of the sustainable agricultural development and the management of rice safety.