追寻光明自由的王国——论穆勒思想在《无名的裘德》中的体现

Pursuing Light and Liberty——Manifestation of Mill's Philosophy in “Jude the Obscure”

有观点认为哈代的最后一部力作《无名的裘德》展现了对理想的徒劳追寻,文章通过分析穆勒的思想,如功利主义﹑自由主义﹑女权主义对哈代的影响以及在小说中的具体体现,以证明故事主人公的追寻绝不是徒劳无用的。在作品中,哈代对现实的批判、对未来的洞悉、对现状的反思也是开天辟地,意义非凡。《无名的裘德》中弥漫着自由进步的精神,真正的"光明之城"只有通过代代仁人志士的探索和奉献才能发现,而那光明自由的王国就在每个不惧压迫、勇敢突破的人心中,这也是人类进步的重要推动力量。

There is a view that Hardy＇s last novel ＂Jude the Obscure＂ presents the fruitless pursuit of dreams. It attempts to argue that the protagonists＇ pursuits are anything hut futile through the analysis of the influence of Mill＇ s ideas that exert on Hardy,such as utilitarianism, liberalism and feminism. Moreover, Hardy＇ s attack on reality,the perception of future and the reflection on the status quo are all unprecedented with profound significance. The spirit will per- meates the novel but the real ＂city of light＂ can only be discovered by generations of eminent people and brave hearts with their exploration and contribution. The ideal kingdom of light and freedom just locates in the hearts of people who fear no oppression and dare to rebel. Such spirit is an important driving force for the development of human beings.