山东省中小学生疟疾防治知识健康教育效果评估

Assessment of the effectiveness of health education about knowledge of malaria control for primary and middle school students in Shandong Province

目的了解山东省疟疾流行区中小学生疟疾防治知识知晓情况,评价在中小学生中开展疟疾防治知识健康教育的效果,为制定疟疾防治工作计划提供依据。方法采用随机化对照实验研究方法在山东省5个疟疾流行二类县随机抽取部分中小学生作为干预组和对照组进行疟疾防治知识问卷调查。干预组通过健康教育课、疟防知识手册、黑板报、校园广播、宣传海报等进行疟防知识健康教育,对照组不施行任何干预措施。结果基线调查时,干预组和对照组学生疟疾防治知识知晓率分别为64.68%和68.24%,差别无统计学意义(χ2=2.68,P>0.05)。干预后随访,干预组和对照组学生疟疾防治知识知晓率分别为96.17%和67.69%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=261.20,P<0.01)。对照组干预前后学生疟防知识知晓率差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.06,P>0.05)。干预组干预后学生疟防知识知晓率高于干预前,差异有统计学意义(χ2=210.43,P<0.01)。结论在中小学生中开展疟疾防治知识健康教育可有效提高中小学生疟疾防治知识知晓率,对全省的疟疾防治意义重大。

Objective To assess the effectiveness of health education about malaria control for primary and middle school students and to ascertain the level of malaria knowledge among students in areas of Shandong Province where malaria is endemic in order to provide evidence to plan malaria control efforts. Methods A randomized controlled study was conducted in areas of Shandong Province where malaria is endemic.Primary and middle school students were randomly assigned to an intervention group and a control group.The intervention group received health education about knowledge of malaria control via health education classes,handbooks,posters,and school announcements.The control group received no such education.Two surveys of students were conducted before and after the health education intervention.Results Before the intervention,the intervention group had a level of malaria knowledge of 64.7%and the control group had a level of malaria knowledge of 68.2%;there were no significant difference in the level of malaria knowledge of the two groups（χ2=2.68,P〉0.05）.After the intervention,the intervention group had a level of malaria knowledge of 96.2% while the control group had a level of malaria knowledge of 67.7%;the difference in the level of malaria knowledge of the two groups was significant（χ2=261.20,P〈0.01）.The level of malaria knowledge of the control group did not differ significantly before and after intervention（χ2=0.06,P〉0.05）.The level of malaria knowledge of the intervention group was higher after intervention than before（χ2=210.43,P〈0.01）. Conclusion Health education about malaria control for primary and middle school students is key to controlling malaria and it can help to improve students’ level of knowledge about malaria control.