河南省青年人上前牙区游离龈和牙龈乳头的形态

Characteristics of free gingival and gingival papilla morphology in maxillary anterior dentition in Henan adolescents

目的:分析总结河南省青年人上前牙区游离龈和牙龈乳头的形态特点。方法:选取河南省青年人115名作为研究对象,采用精细藻酸盐印模材料获取牙列模型,用数显游标卡尺(精度0.01 mm)测量与上前牙区牙龈形态相关的牙龈美学参数:牙龈角度(GA)、牙龈乳头高度(PH)、龈缘水平距离(GZL)、牙龈顶点(GZP)到牙体长轴的距离。结果:将受试对象根据上前牙区中切牙牙形分为3组,方圆形组41人,椭圆形组41人,尖圆形组33人。3组间中切牙、侧切牙的GA,中切牙与中切牙间(CI-CI)、中切牙与侧切牙间(CI-LI)、侧切牙与尖牙间(LI-CA)的PH比较,差异均有统计学意义(F=4.160、3.118、43.380、53.085、12.494,P<0.05);方圆形组GA最大,PH最小;尖圆形组GA最小,PH最大。3组间GZP到牙体长轴的距离差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),中切牙、侧切牙的GZP偏向远中,尖牙的GZP在牙体长轴上。结论:上中切牙牙形对河南省青年人上前牙区GA、PH影响较大,对GZP与牙体长轴的距离影响较小。

Aim： To investigate the morphology characteristics of the free gingival and interdental papilla of the maxillary anterior dentition in Henan adolescents. Methods： A total of 115 dental models of Henan adolescents with normal occlusion were collected with alginate. The height of interdental papilla（ PH）,gingival angle（ GA）,gingival zenith level（ GZL）,and the distance from gingival zenith position（ GZP） to vertical bisected midline were measured by digital calipers. Results： The 115 dental models were grouped based on the shapes of central incisors： square shape group（ n = 41）,ovoid shape group（ n = 41） and tapered shape group（ n = 33）. The differences in central tooth GA,lateral tooth GA,PH between central tooth and central tooth,PH between central tooth and lateral tooth,PH between lateral tooth and canine were significant among the 3 groups（ F = 4. 160,3. 118,43. 380,53. 085,12. 494,P〈0. 05）; square shape group had the largest GA and the least PH,while tapered shape group had the least GA and the largest PH. There were no differences in the distance from GZP to vertical bisected midline among the 3 groups（ P〉 0. 05）. Conclusion： The shapes of central incisors are closely related to the GA and PH,but has little relation to GZP in Henan adolescents.