黄土高原小粒大豆抗氧化活性研究

Studies on Antioxidant Activity of Small Soybean from the Loess Plateau

黄土高原小粒大豆俗称小黑豆,有黑粒色、黄粒色、绿粒色等类型。以12种小粒大豆为试验材料,采用甲醇-丙酮两步法提取全小粒大豆粉的活性物质,研究其抗氧化活性。试验结果表明,小粒黄大豆、小粒黑大豆总酚含量分别为4.18±0.34,13.77±0.60 mg/g,靖边王渠子黑豆总酚含量最高。小粒黑大豆的黄酮含量在11.65-19.20 mg/g之间,花色苷含量在189.45-212.43 mg/100 g之间,府谷小黑豆黄酮、花色苷含量最高。小粒黑大豆总抗氧化能力显著高于小粒黄大豆。小粒黑大豆对DPPH·、·OH及O2-·均具有一定的清除作用,且清除作用好于小粒黄大豆。小粒大豆总酚含量、总黄酮含量与总抗氧化能力、DPPH·清除率、OH·清除率呈高度显著正相关,与Hunter色系中的L,a,b值呈极显著负相关。小粒黑大豆具有较好的抗氧化活性,是1种良好的天然抗氧化剂膳食来源。

The small soybean from the Loess Plateau, which is commonly known as small black soybean, has throe seed coat colors （yellow, green and black）. In this research, antioxidant activity of 12 small black soybeans （Glycine max L. Merr.） was analyzed. The seed samples were extracted from a mixture of 80% methanol and 70% acetone and used for the evaluation of the antioxidant potential. The average phenolic content in yellow and black soybeans was （4.18：e0.34） mg GAE/g and （13.77±0.60）mg GAE/g, respectively. The small black soybean from Jingbian had the highest phenolic content. Total flavonoid content of black soybean ranged from 11.65 to 19.20 mg RE/g. The anthocyanin content ranged from 189.45 to 212.43 mg/100 g. The small black soybean come from Fugu showed the highest total flavonoid content and anthocyanin content. Small black soybean exhibited higher FRAP （Ferric reducing antioxidant power） than those of small yellow soybean. Small black soybean showed significantly higher DPPH-, -OH and O2- radical scavenging activity than all yellow soybean. The total antioxidant capacity, DPPH. scavenging rate and .OH scavenging rate were significantly positively correlated with these antioxidative substance（total phenol content and total flavonoid）. And the highly significant negative correlation was observed between these antioxidative substance and Hunter colour values （L, a, b values）. The results indicated that small black soybean may serve as an excellent dietary source of natural antioxidants for health pro- motion.