人体器官捐献的伦理与法律思考——《天津市人体器官捐献条例》的解读

Ethical and Legal Reflections on Human Organ Donation:The Interpretation of“Tianjin Human Organ Donation Regulations”

《天津市人体器官捐献条例》是我国首部关于人身故后捐献器官的地方性法规,为器官捐献提供公开明确的平台、设立器官捐献救助基金以及确立人体器官捐献协调员的法律地位等。以此条例为基础,探讨了人体器官捐献的伦理和法律问题;针对人体器官捐献工作对捐献器官分配的不信任和对捐献者及其家属的情感照护不足,提出完善器官分配系统,确保器官分配的公正公平和弘扬人道主义精神,照护捐献意愿表达人及其家属的情感的解决对策;针对条例的法律责任追究问题,提出做好条例与相关法律法规的衔接,强化法律责任追究的完善对策。

Tianjin Human Organ Donation Regulations （shorts for Tianjin Regulations） is the first local regulation that focuses on deceased organ donation in China .It provides a public platform for the human organ donation ,sets up the rescue fund for organ donation ,and establishes the legal status of the human organ donation coordinator ,etc .Based on the Tianjin Regulations ,this paper discusses ethical and legal issues of human organ donation .Nowadays ,there are the phenomena that donors and their families mistrust the distribution of human organ donation work , as well as the insufficient emotional care for donors and their families in our society .Based on these realities ,we proposed programs to complete organ distribution system ,ensure fairness and justice and promote humanism and show solicitude to donors and their families .According to the legal liability of Tianjin Regulations ,we put forward countermeasures to improve the cohesion between Tianjin Regulations and the related laws and regulations ,and to strengthen the legal responsibility .