时间与民族志：权威、授权与作者

Time and Ethnography:Authority,Authorization,and Author

以学术研究的功能与目的在当代世界发生深刻变化为背景,本文批评性地分析了民族志的性质。通过将人类学经典与较近的作品相对照,论文批评性地审视了人类学方法的认识论基础;并通过深入考查田野工作的处境、民族志遭遇以及跨越文化边界的翻译,探讨了人类学的知识建构过程,由此揭示了民族志权威如何挑选话语并保证这些话语的质量和相关性,以及如何支持"作者的功能"。

The article critically analyzes the nature of ethnography in the light of the profound changes in the functions and objectives of the research in the contemporary world.It considers critically the epistemological foundations of the anthropological method,confronting the classical monographs with the more recent productions.The paper discusses the construction of the anthropological knowledge probing into the conditions of fieldwork,of the ethnographic encounter and of the translation across cultural borders.It shows how the ethnographic authority selects and authorizes the quality and the pertinence of the discourses and funds the author function.