稳态与失稳:家庭结构类型与家庭幸福的一项实证研究

Family Types and Family Well-being: The Case of Beijing

构建幸福家庭已成为中国政府致力于提升家庭发展能力的重要政策措施,但家庭幸福的界定和测度尚未达成共识。论文以家庭作为分析单位,定量探索不同结构类型的家庭幸福水平是否存在显著差异,并尝试寻找影响家庭幸福的重要因素。构建了标准化家庭幸福评分指标;同时借助主成分因子分析方法将可能的家庭幸福影响因素归为7个因子作为控制变量。结果显示,北京市非流动家庭幸福评分值高于基准值,但家庭幸福程度仍有待进一步提高。方差分析表明稳态家庭的幸福水平显著高于失稳家庭,但控制其他变量后,家庭结构类型变量与家庭幸福水平之间的线性关系并不显著,家庭成员内部关系因子、保障水平因子和夫妻关系因子对于家庭幸福则具有显著影响。

There is much controversy over definition and measurement of family well - being, chal- lenging the government＇ s effort to construct happy families. Based on the sampling survey data in Bei- jing in 2014, this paper explores the significant differences in family well - being among various family types and the possible determinants of family well - being. Taking families as the analysis unit, the pa- per constructs the standardized scores of family well - being and summarizes relevant variables into ＂7 factors as control variables. The results show that all sample families are moderately happy, and com- pared to the intact families, those that are sectional have statistically significantly lower scores of family well - being. However, MLR model denies the effect of family type on family well - being and admits the roles of member relationship factor, security level factor and spousal relationship factor.