清道咸时期中朝学人之交谊——以张曜孙与李尚迪之交往为中心

The Friendship between Scholars from China and Korea during Daoxian Period in Qing Dynasty:Based on the Acquaintance between Zhang Yaosun and Li Shangdi

朝鲜通译李尚迪自1829年到1864年,35年间12次来华,结交了上百位清朝士人,其中张曜孙被其视为知己,彼此保持了近三十年的交往,结下了深厚情谊。事实上他们只见过三次面,但每次都举行雅会,之后绘成图画,题诗唱和,诉说情感。随后十几年没见面,但始终记挂对方。交往双方都很积极主动,书函往来不绝。他们皆通过对方,与相关的士人群体交往。因而道咸时期中朝士人交往,体现着群体化的特点。张曜孙积极主动向李尚迪介绍其家族情况,请求李尚迪为其家人诗文集作序评点,在他们的交往中,有着深厚的家族身影。李尚迪在与清人交往中,得到尊重与认同,其诗文集在北京获清朝友人帮助刊行,受到普遍赞誉。透过他们的交往,可以说道咸时期的中朝文化交流史进入了一个新的阶段。

Korean interpreter Li Shangdi visited China for 12 times during the 35 years between 1829 and 1864. He was acquainted with more than 100 scholars from China in Qing Dynasty, and was a close friend of Zhang Yaosun for almost 30 years. In fact, they saw each other for only three times. However, each time they met, they would paint the scene of their meeting into pictures, compose and chant their poems, and sing about their attachment. Even though they did not meet in the next ten years or so, they still kept each other to their heart. They were both very active in their acquaintance and wrote to each other regularly. Through each other they came to know the groups of scholars associated with the other. This kind of group acquaintance is what characterized the relationship between the scholars from China and Korea during Daoxian Period. Zhao Yaosun introduced his family background to Li Shangdi actively, and invited Li Shangdi to write a preface to a collection of poems written by his family members. Their acquaintance was strongly related to their families behind them. In his acquaintance with Chinese scholars, Li Shangdi was highly esteemed. Thanks to the help of his friends, his collections of poems were published in Peking, and were widely praised in that time. Through the friendship between Zhang Yaosun and Li Shangdi, the history of cultural communication between China and Korea moved into a new era in Daoxian Period.