环境质量与公众认知比较：自民生指数观察

Comparison of Environmental Quality and Public Perception: Observation from the People's Livelihood Index

通过中国民生指数相关指标的测算分析,可以发现:环境感受是公众对民生感受的重要组成部分,环境感受对民生主观指标影响较大,空气污染等难以阻断暴露渠道且直观感觉明显的污染是影响环保主观指标的关键;经济发达地区多存在客观环境好而主观感觉差的情况,欠发达地区反之。考虑到环保主观指标可以反映公众对环保工作的需求优先序,因此环保相关工作的重点必须考虑公众意愿。据此,可以公众感觉为依据完善环保工作内容,以人群健康风险为依据转变环保工作重点并加强环保相关工作,考核环保相关工作部门绩效时要引入环境主观感受,以促进公众感觉与真实环境质量趋同。

By calculating and analyzing the China livelihood index, we can find that environmental feeling is one important part of public welfare feeling which has crucial influence on the Index; air pollution feeling influenced the Index severely which has direct effect on public and cannot be controlled its exposed way; data of objective environment is better but that of subjective environment reverse it in developed province, the situation in developing province is on the other end. The need sequence of public can be reflected by subjective environmental index, in view that, it is suggested that focus of environmental policy should take the Index as reference, detailed measures include： content of environmental work should expand to the field which public pay attention; focus of environmental work should be adjusted according to the public health risk and other work related to environment should be strengthened by this way; assessment system of working achievement should add environmental subjective index to promote objective achievement inclined to subjective feeling on the field of environment.