基于履历信息的国际科技人才特征分析——以近十年诺贝尔物理、化学、生理或医学奖得主为例

Analysis of Characteristics of International Qualified Scientists and Technicians Based on Personal Curriculum Vitaes——Taking Nobel Laureates in Physics,Chemistry and Physiology or Medicine During Last Decade for Example

本文通过公开信息源获取2004-2013年诺贝尔物理学、化学、生理学或医学奖得主的个人履历信息,对这72位获奖者的特征进行分析,包括性别结构、国家分布、年龄结构,挖掘对获奖产生重要影响的科研社会关系。结果发现,获奖者以男性居多,女性获奖者多属于生理学或医学领域;获奖者多为美国人,高水平的机构对科技人才的成长有着重要影响;获奖者整体年龄偏大,其中高龄化学奖得主人数最多;科研社会关系对于年轻学者的成长有着非常积极的影响。文章最后为我国培养国际科技人才提出若干建议。

Based on pcrsonul curriculum vitaes of Nobel laureates in physics, chemistry and physiology or medicine during last decade, this paper analyzed their characteristics, including gender structure, national distribution, age pattern. In addition, it investigated their social relationships in scientific research which might have an important impact on winning the Nobel Prize. In this research, it was found that most of the laureates are male, and only several females had won Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine. American Scientists occupied a large propotion and high- level research institution could promote the growth o~ scien- fists and technicians. The entire age of these winners was old, and in the three disciplines, the average age of chemistry winners was the oldest. Social relationships in research had a positive effect on the growth of young scholars. In the end, same suggestions had been proposed to contribute to developing international talents for our own country.