流动人口的社会服务管理模式及其优化——基于国家卫生计生委流动人口调查数据的分析

Social Service Management of Migrant Population and Its Model Optimization : Based on the Floating Population Survey by the State Family Planning Commission

建国以来,我国经历了自由宽松型、严格限制型、防范控制型、多元整合型四种流动人口社会服务管理模式,这与当时的社会现实是相适应的。通过文献梳理以及对国家卫生计生委流动人口调查数据的分析发现,当前我国人口流动具有普遍化、经济化、集中化、长期化、家庭化、均衡化等特点,基于此建议在坚持以政府为主导的社会服务管理模式前提下,实施优化工程,强调"以人为本"的服务理念,建立社会服务支撑体系,重视组织化运作等,从而实现流动人口服务管理与城镇化的协调发展。

Since the establishment of new China, the social service management of migrant population has experienced four models： from free migration to enforced restriction, then to preventive control and finally to multi target integration, which matched with the social reality. By reviewing the relevant literature and analyzing the data of the floating population survey conducted by the State Family Planning Commission, we have found that social mobility of the floating population has such characteristics as generalization, economization, centralization, long - term, family - orientation, equalization and so on. It is accordingly suggested that in order to realize the coordina- ted development between urbanization and the migrant population social service management, we should insist the government - guided social service management , carry out projects of its optimization , emphasize the people - oriented idea, build a bracing system of the social participation, and attach importance to the organizational guar- antee.