中古史家采摭诗文入传与文学文本经典化进程

Literature's Wonders Outside its Context:A Perspective on the Ancient Historians' Planting Biographees' Writings in His Biographies and Effectuating Some Classic Literature

采摭诗文入传是史书中常见的传记文本的书写方法。自《史》《汉》以来,存在着一个逐渐定型的过程。史家采摭诗文入传是文学文本经典化进程中不可或缺的一环,通过史家的采摭往往确立了文学文本的经典地位,并以之为媒介继续传播。采摭诗文入传的意义在于:诗文入传构成传主形象书写的一个组成部分,此点自《史》《汉》以来莫不如是;诗文发挥文章的政教意义;诗文作为文学文本往往确定传主的文学家身份;采摭诗文入传发挥了保存一代文章的特殊功能。

There used to be such a popular trend from Han Dynasty that historian quoted plenty of biographees ’ odes, poems or prose and planted these quotations into their biographical works, which came into a tradition that it was a must for a historian who wan-ted to convey his understanding of a particular biographee and the biographee’ s writing style to readers.In the case he had no choice but to plant the biographee’ s writings into his documents.By quoting the biographees＆#39;writings, the historians caused these literature texts spread more broadly and come into being classic literature as the historians ’ works spread.There are four aspects of the signifi-cance of planting a biographee＆#39;s writings into his biograpghy： Firstly the quotations can provide a more vivid image of the biographee for readers, which was so essential a practice that we have not found any exceptional examples from all the biographical works ever since Han Dynasty; secondly, the quoted writings worked as a means of expressing the historian ’ s moral value and outlook of the world ; thirdly, the quotations worked as a means of identifying the biographee as a professional writer.And the last but not the least, by planting a biographee’ s writings into the biography, the ancient historian preserved and transfer some literature texts to people o-ver thousands of years.