2001—2010年中国区域旅游效率评估

Regional Tourism Efficiency Evaluation in China from 2001 to 2010

选择旅游酒店数、旅行社数、旅游酒店从业人员数和旅行社从业人员数为旅游投入因素,旅游总收入为产出变量,运用数据包络分析方法中的C2R模型分析2001—2010年中国区域旅游效率及其空间格局和变化趋势。中国四大区域的平均旅游效率由高至低依次为东部地区、东北地区、中部地区和西部地区。在31个中国大陆省级行政区中,天津在2001—2010年期间每年都为旅游效率最高的省份。从时间的角度,中国区域旅游效率经历了一个波浪式变化过程,2003年和2008年是2个明显的波谷。2001—2005年四大区域旅游效率的变化过程基本一致。2005—2010年四大区域旅游效率变化各不相同,东部地区呈逐步下降趋势,中部地区先增长、2010年开始下降,西部地区为起伏不定,东北地区为持续增长。

With constantly expanding of tourism scale in China, to promote travel efficiency becomes a key factor of tourism development. In this paper, the number of tourism hotel and travel agencies, employees of tourist hotel and employees of travel agency are selected as tourism input factors ; the total revenue of tourism is selected as the output variable. According to these factors, the efficiency of regional tourism is analyzed by the model of C2R of data envelopment analysis （DEA） in China between 2001 and 2010. In the year from 2001 to 2010, average travel efficiency of the four large areas as the East, the Northeast, the Midland and the West in China are lower and lower one by one. But the tourism efficiency of Tianjin was always the highest in each year among our 31 provincial ad- ministrative areas in China. The efficiency of Chinese regional tourism has experienced fluctuation from 2001 to 2010, and obviously, there were two trough waves in the year of 2003 and 2008. During the first five years, the change processes of travel efficiency of four large areas almost remain the same. But in the later five years, travel efficiency trend of the four areas became different from each other, that is, Eastern area decreased gradually, Midland increased firstly and then dropped in 2010, Western area fluctuated with no rules and Northeast area grew con-inuously.