新型城镇化背景下的中国土地制度变革(上)

China's land system innovation under the background of new pattern urbanization(Ⅰ)

土地制度变革是全面深化改革的关键环节和重要领域改革,也是推进新型城镇化的重要支撑。巨型社会和大国治理模式、单一体制和垂直控制机制、土地公有和双轨运行的所有体制、政府引导的快速城镇化进程等,是新型城镇化背景下土地制度变革的现实基础和基本依据。当前土地制度和管理实践中存在国有土地使用权到期后的处分不明确、集体土地使用者的产权地位不平等、土地和房产的税制结构不尽合理、地方政府高度依赖土地出让收入等问题,应当遵循"完善土地要素市场和加强土地资源、资产、调控管理"的"一体三维"框架,协调有序推进土地制度变革。

As a reform in crucial areas and key links of comprehensively reform, land reform is a very influential factor of promoting the new pattern urbanization. This article has deeply analyzed the great significance of deepening the land system reform, pointed out the main problems of land system; put forward the basic requirements and the feasible path. It concluded that the giant society management model, single-mode and centralized-control mechanism, publicly owned and dual-track run land system, rapid urbanization process guided by the government, etc. are the logical starting points and bases of land system reform in a new period, we should adhere to the three-dimensional integrated reform path and the technical route, which is ＂perfecting the land factor market, strengthening the management of land resources, assets and macro-regulation＂ according to China＇s actual conditions, promote the land system innovation coordinated and orderly.