云南省阿昌族人群HPA1～17基因多态性的研究

Genetic polymorphism of HPA1- 17 alloantigen system in Yunnan Achang population

目的：本研究以云南省特有的阿昌族人群为研究对象,以本地汉族人群为对照,对HPA在不同人群中基因及基因型频率的分布情况作对比分析。通过HPA系统的基因分型,建立云南少数民族地区的血液资源的血小板基因型资料库,寻找可能发生同种免疫的HPA系统。方法：本研究选择139例阿昌族的健康无血缘关系的人群为研究对象,以150例云南健康汉族人群为对照,采用PCR-SSP技术,对HPA1~17共17个抗原系统34个等位基因进行分型。分别计算其基因频率、基因型频率,并进行分析比较。结果：汉族人群中HPA7~14、HPA-16,17抗原系统的基因型均为aa,未检测出相应的等位基因HPA-b;HPA-1,2,4,5,6抗原系统的基因型以aa居多;阿昌族人群中HPA-7、HPA9~14,HPA-16抗原系统的基因型均为aa,未检测出相应的等位基因HPA-b;HPA-1,2,4,5,6,8,17抗原系统的基因型以aa居多;两个民族中,HPA-3,15均具有较高的杂合度,易发生血小板错配而造成的同种免疫。与对照组（汉族）比较,阿昌族HPA-1a系统有差异（P〈0.05）。结论：云南地区阿昌族健康人群HPA1-17基因频率的分布与汉族人群相比有相似之处,也有本民族的自身特点。应建立本民族的血小板供者分型数据库。

Objective：To investigate the specific Yunnan ethnic minorities： Achang population in unrelated healthy people for the distribution of comparative analysis, through genotyping of HPA system, in order to establish the typed platelet donor data bank in Yunnan＇s ethnic minority areas. Methods： In this study, samples of Achang （139 cases）, in unrelated healthy people were collected from Yunnan province, China, 150 cases in healthy Hart population in Yunnan as control. The technique of PCR-sequence specific primers （PCR-SSP） methods were respectively adopted in genotyping HPA 1-17. The gene frequency and genotype frequency were separately calculated, and the allele frequency distribution in Achang population was compared with the results from Han population. Results： In the Han population, monomorphic HPA7-14,HPA16,17 were found in the samples, none of HPA-b was found in these samples. For HPA-1,2,4,5 and 6, aa homozygosity was predominant. In the Achang population, monomorphic HPA-7, HPA9- 14, HPA-16 were found in the samples,none of HPA-b was found in these samples. For HPA-1,2,4,5,6,8 and 17, aa homozygosity was predominant. HPA-3,15 had the greatest heterozygosity in two population. HPA-1 a frequency of Achang was significantly different from that Han population in Yunnan. Conclusion： Distribution of the allele polymorphism of HPA 1-17 in Yunnan Han population is similar to that in Achang population, and it exhibits its own characteristic. We have established the local HPA genotyped database of platelet donors in Yunnan.