一脑二心:埃文斯心理学哲学解读及反思

One Brain Two Minds——Interpretation of Jonathan St.B.Evans' S Philosophy of Psychology

无论传统或是当代科学家、哲学家在心理问题上分歧有多大,但都普遍认为我们只有一个心,并支配着我们的理性行为或活动。当代一些认知心理学家如埃文斯在分析传统心理二元性基础上,结合当代认知科学中出现的双重加工理论这个新范式,标新立异地提出一脑之中共居两心,它们共同协作、相互竞争。两心假说对于我们重新认识心理的本质、地形概貌,反思我们的常识心理学以及认知科学、人工智能的发展具有重要意义。但是从心灵哲学的角度来看,它仍然存在着一些不可回避的难题。

Although there have been lots of differences on mind among traditional and contemporary psychologists and philosophers, it is widely believed that there is only one mind, which controls our rational action or behavior. Contemporary cognitive psychologists such as Jonathan St. B. Evans reflects on folk mental duality and dual process theory in current cognitive science and argues that two minds, which conflict but cooperate with each other, reside in one brain. The two minds hypothesis will contribute to recognizing the nature and map of mind,reflect on folk psy- chology and promote the development of cognitive science and artificial intellegence. However, there are still some problems to be solved from the perspective of philosophy of mind.