垃圾焚烧发电项目邻近公众环境风险认知水平测量——以K市两个垃圾焚烧发电项目为例

Measurement of Public Knowledge about Environmental Risk Close to Waste Incineration Power Generation Projects: Taking Two Waste Incineration Power Generation Project in K City as an Example

运用AHP方法构建了包括环境风险知识、环境风险态度、环境风险行为意愿、环境风险行为4个一级指标、20个二级指标的公众环境风险认知评价指标体系,结合K市两个典型垃圾焚烧发电项目(W项目和D项目)的实地问卷调查,对项目周边3 km环境敏感区域内公众的环境风险认知水平进行了测量,调查结果显示,公众的年龄、性别、户口性质因素对环境风险认知具有显著影响,文化程度因素是制约公众环境风险认知的关键因素,因此,环境教育应成为提高公众环境风险认知最直接、最有效的途径。

This article builds four first-level indicators including knowledge of environmental risk, environmental risk attitude and willingness to conduct environmental risk, and environmental risk behaviors, and 20 secondary indicators about public awareness of environmental risk evaluation system. We carried out a questionnaire survey concerning two typical waste incineration power generation projects （W and D projects） in K city, which is mainly about environmental risk perception of the general public who are living around 3 km near the projects sites. Survey results showed that factors of age, gender, household type of public risk perception have significant effects on the environment, and education is the key factor of restricting public risk perceptions. Therefore, environmental education should be the most direct and effective way to raise public awareness of environmental risk perception.