论柏拉图对话录中的“身体”

The Theory of “Body” in Plato's Dialogues

提到柏拉图,人们最为熟悉的莫过于"柏拉图式的精神恋爱"以及"真善美相统一的理式"。于是,很多人以此推断柏拉图所推崇和关注的只是人的灵魂层面,而贬低人的身体这一层面。仔细阅读文本不难发现,柏拉图虽然重视灵魂的修养和提升,但也没有忽略"灵肉一体"的人的现实,他笔下的身体有束缚灵魂的一面,也有促进灵魂提升的一面。在对话录中,柏拉图对身体的复杂态度不仅体现了他对身体的重视,而且也打开了"人应该如何生活"的窗户,他的理想也许是灵魂和身体的和谐统一。

When it comes to Plato, people are most familiar with ＂Platonic love＂ and ＂the idea of the unity of truth, good and beauty＂. So a lot of people deduce that what Plato praises and focuses on is only the soul level of human and he belittles human＇ s body level. A careful reading of his dialogues makes us find that although Plato attaches great importance to the cuhivation and promotion of the soul, he doesn＇t ignore the reality that human is the unity of body and soul, and in his writing, body does bound soul, but it can also promote the soul. In dialogues, Plato＇ s complex attitude to the body not only reflects his attention to the body, but also opened the window for people to think how to live a good life. His ideal is perhaps the harmony of soul and body.