受重金属污染土壤及水的修复探索试验

The Restoration of Heavy Metal Pollution of Soil and Water Exploration Test

利用产自甘肃省临洮地区的非金属矿石——凹凸棒石粘土经过不同工艺提纯、加工、造粒后，用于采自重金属重污染区的土壤及模拟污水中，进行重金属吸附试验研究。考察了吸附柱的吸附能力、不同吸附料的吸附效果、土壤含水量对吸附效果的影响、有效吸附半径、吸附时间等。经过对污水、半干态土壤及含饱和水土壤的吸附试验，证明该吸附材料对土壤、污水中铜、铅、锌、砷、镉、铬、汞等重金属元素均有一定的吸附能力,经过38h的吸附后，污水中90％以上的Pb、Hg均被吸附；Cr、As、Cd在吸附38h后，分别下降了66．96％-83．52％。将吸附柱埋入土壤后，加入一定量的水，经过72h的吸附后，距吸附柱40cm周边的土壤中cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Hg、As元素含量比背景值分别下降了11．01％、19．01％、9．53％、18．27％、10．78％、5．37％．说明该特制凹凸棒石粘土吸附柱是一种可以用于重金属污染土壤及水体修复的良好有效的材料，可以用于金属矿山周边、金属冶炼厂或选矿厂周边、含重金属尾矿坝附近受外来污染源污染农田土壤及污水的修复治理．

The monetallic oreattapulgite clay produced in Lintao region of gansu province was used. After purification, processing and granulating with different technology, attapulgite clay was used to the soil collected form heavy metal comtainatded area and simulated wastewater, and the heavy metal adsorption experiment was carried on. The adsorption capacity of adsorption column, the adsorption effect of different adsorption materials, the influence of soil water on the adsorption effect, the effective radius of adsorption and adsorption time were investigated.Though the test of wastewater adsorption, half dry soil adsorption and water containing saturated soil adsorption, it was proved that the adsorption material had certain adsorption ability to Cu,Pb,Zn,As,Cd,Cr, Hg and such heavy metal elements in soil and wastewater. After 38 hours adsorption, more than 90% of Pb and Hg in wastewater were adsorbed, and Cr, As and Cd fell by 66.96% to 83.52% respectively.The adsorption column was put into soil, added a certain amount of water, after 72 hours of adsorption,in the around soil area of 40 em to the adsorption column,compared with background value,the elemental content of Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd, Hg, and As fell by 11.01%, 19.01%, 9.53%, 18.27%, 9.53% and 5.37% respectively.It is Show that the special attapulgite clay adsorption column is a kind of good and effective material for heavy metal eontam inated soil and water body restoration. Can be used for metal mines surrounding, metal smelting, or nearby, containing heavy metal tailings dam of concentrator by external pollution sources pollution of farmland soil and sewage to repair.