蒙古高压异常对我国冬季气候的影响分析

Analysis of Effects of Mongolian High Anomalies on Winter Climate in China

基于单位半径球面上,计算了表征蒙古高压特征的4个高压指数（面积指数S、强度指数P、中心经度λc中心纬度ψc）,并研究了蒙古高压指数与我国160站气温、降水的同期相关关系.结果表明,蒙古高压特征参数具有明显的阶段性,1951～1965年高压偏强、偏北,1980年后高压偏弱、偏南;蒙古高压面积与强度指数具有25年左右、8 ～16和3～6年的振荡周期;除西南地区外,蒙古高压面积、强度和中心纬度异常与我国大部分地区冬季气温呈强烈负相关,而经度异常变化对我国冬季气温影响不大;特征指数与降水的同期相关性明显不及其与气温的相关性.

Based on the unit radius sphere, 4 high indexes to characterize the characteristics of Mongolian high （ area index S, strength index P, center longitude , center latitude ） were calculated, and Mongolian high index of 160 stations with temperature and precipitation correlation over the same period were studied. The results showed that： Mongolian high characteristic parameters have obvious stage. From 1951 to 1965 the high pressure on the strong side, northerly, after 1980 the high pressure weak, southerly. The area index and the strength index of Mongolia high have about 25a, 8 - 16a and 3 -6 a oscillation cycle. In addition to southwest, the area index, the strength index and the central latitude anomalies of Mongolia high are strongly negatively correlated with winter temperatures in most areas of China. But longitude abnormal changes have little effect on our winter temperatures. The collection of characteristic index and precipitation over the same period has no apparent correlation compared with the temperature correlation.