喀斯特山区土地整治工程农田水利优化布局

Layout Optimization on Irrigation and Water Conservancy of Land Reclamation Projet in Karst Mountainous

经实地调查发现目前喀斯特山区农田水利工程存在布局不合理、设计标准过低等问题。要解决这些问题,在规划农田水利工程时必须坚持因地制宜、兼顾农业用水和人畜用水的原则,优先考虑社会需求,以兴建小型蓄排水工程为主。在具体做局部地区的规划方案时,较优的有3种类型4种布局方案:(1)旱地集中区农用水利工程布局;(2)旱地集中区农用水利工程与道路配套布局;(3)农户性畜用水利工程布局;(4)灌排和农户人畜兼顾型水利工程布局。此外,转变喀斯特山区农民的用水观念,构建利水型农业和利水型社会,实现人—土地和水—环境的协调统一,应是各级政府的终极目标。

Through field investigation, it was found that there are some problems in current Karst mountainous farmland irrigation and water conservancy, such as unreasonable layout, low design standard. In order to solve these problems, in planning farmland water conservancy pro- ject, we should adhere to the principles that suit one＇s measures according to local conditions, give consideration to both agriculture and living water. Four superior layout schemes were put forward： agricultural water conservancy engineering layout in dryland area; agricultural water con- servancy engineering and road facilities layout in dryland area ; farmers water conservancy layout project ; irrigation and drainage and farmers live- stock water conservancy project. In addition, transformation of Karst mountain farmers concept of water and realization of human-land and water- environment coordination are the ultimate goals of governments at all levels.