浙江省水稻农药使用状况调查与分析

Investigation and Analysis of the Use of Agrochemicals in Rice in Zhejiang Province

研究水稻农药使用状况和影响用药的因素,为引导农民科学合理使用农药、保障粮食安全和减少环境污染提供思路。对浙江省主要水稻主产区的不同主体进行抽样调查和分类统计。每季水稻病虫防治平均用药4.94次,平均用药量为13.78 kg/hm2,平均成本1120.20元/hm2;用药次数和农药成本有增加趋势;不同主体之间对农药的选择、施用次数、数量和成本有较大差异。建立基本药物补贴制度,降低水稻生产成本;通过提高经营规模、加强对经营者的监管及提供到位专业技术服务来减少农药使用。

A research was made on the status and influence factors of the pesticide use in rice field in Zhejiang province, to guide farmers to use pesticides scientifically and rationally and to provide ideas and policy-making basis for the food security and reduction of the environment pollution. Sampling investigation and classified statistics methods were adopted to survey the different production organizations in the main rice producing areas in Zhejiang province. It showed that in 2011-2013 every harvest pesticides used in rice paddy is 4.94 times for pest control, the average dosage was 13.78 kg/ha, and the cost was 1120.20 yuan/ha. And that the times of pesticide used and the cost were still increasing. There was an obvious difference of pesticide selection, usage frequency, and the cost between different production organizations. The establishment of national essential drug subsidy system is needed to reduce the production cost of rice; expanding the agricultural scale of operation and reducing the use of pesticides by strengthening the supervision of operators and providing professional and technical services are the keys to solve the current contradictions.