低年资护士应急及病情观察能力的评估及培养

Assessment and training of emergency and observation skills for low qualification nurses

目的总结低年资护士在应急及病情观察能力中存在的不足，并探讨有效的培训途径对低年资护士应急及病情观察能力的提高效果。方法随机抽取重庆市云阳县人民医院（以下简称“我院”）2012年1月～2014年1月各科室5年以内的注册护士作为评估对象，共计120例，对我院低年资护士在护理过程中应急及病情观察方面中存在的问题或不足进行统计归纳，并针对研究对象给予具体的干预培养方法。干预进行半年后，针对培训前后护士应急及病情观察能力进行评分比较，主要包括基础知识与技能、专科知识与技能、应急与沟通能力、护理程序实施能力、管理教育科研能力及患者满意度等。结果应急配合不足中抢救程序化不强比例较高，为35．0％；病情观察不足中观察要点未掌握、重点观察内容不知晓比例较高，为25．0％。经培训，120例低年资护士的基础知识与技能、专科知识与技能、应急与沟通能力、护理程序实施能力、管理教育科研能力得到很大的提高，与培训前比较，差异均有统计学意义（均P〈0．05），患者满意度也得到了改善，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论低年资护士在日常工作中应急能力及病情观察能力均存在一定的不足，给予其相应的培训干预，可明显提高护士在应急环境下的分析判断、果断决策处理及观察病情的能力。

Objective To summarize the illness shortcomings for low qualification nurses in the course of emergency and observation ability, and to explore enhancement effect of effective training way for low qualification nurses in emergency and observation ability. Methods A total of 120 cases of low qualification nurses in People＇s Hospital of Yunyang county （＂our hospital＂ for short） were randomly chosen from January 2012 to January 2014 each department registered nurses within five years as the assessment object, the statistical induction or inadequate of the problems existing in the process of emergency and observation for nursing. According to the object of study, specific intervention training methods were given. Intervention for half a year later, in view of the emergency nurses before and after the training and observation ability score were compared, mainly including the basic knowledge and skills, specialized knowledge and skills, emergency and communication ability, nursing process implementation ability, management education scientific research ability and patient satisfaction. Results The higher percentage in emergency with inadequate rescue program with no strong was 35.0%; the higher percentage of the priority content and observation points in mastering was 25.0%. After the training, the basis of 120 cases of low qualification nurses knowledge and specialist skills, knowledge and skills, emergency and communication ability, nursing process implementation capacity, management, education scientific research ability were greatly improved, compared with before training, the differences were statistically significant （all P 〈 0.05）, and patients satisfaction was improved, the difference was statistically significant （P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion Low qualification nurses in daily work of emergency ability and observation ability have certain deficiencies, and the corresponding training intervention can obviously improve the ability of the nurses in emergency circumstances, the analysis judgment, decisive decision-making process and the ability to observe the illness.