绝望在初中生抑郁与自杀危险性间的中介作用

Mediating effect of hopelessness between depression and suicide risk in junior middle school students

目的 探讨初中生的抑郁、绝望情绪与自杀危险性的关系及其绝望的中介作用.方法 采用整群随机抽样的方法,应用一般情况调查表、Beck自杀意念量表、Beck抑郁量表、Beck绝望量表对临沂某地5所初级中学初一、初二年级共20个班的1 381名学生进行调查.结果 初中生自杀危险性与抑郁、绝望存在显著正相关（r=0.43,0.64,P＜0.01）.中介效应检验表明,绝望在抑郁与自杀危险性之间起部分中介效应,中介效应占总效应的55.8％,以性别、年龄对样本进行分组,男生组和初一组中,绝望发挥部分中介效应,中介效应分别占总效应的42.7％和29.9％.女生组和初二组中,绝望起完全中介效应,中介效应分别占总效应的74.1％和95.3％.结论 初中生的抑郁、绝望情绪越严重,自杀危险性越大.绝望在不同性别、年级初中生中的中介效应不完全相同.

Objective To explore the relation among depression,hopelessness and suicide risk,as well as the mediating effect of hopelessness between depression and suicide risk.Methods 1 381 students were recruited from five junior middle schools in Linyi by using cluster random sampling.They were investigated with General Situation Questionnaire,Scale for Suicide Ideation（SSI）,Beck Hopelessness Scale （BHS） and Beck Depression Iventory （BDI）.Results Suicide risk in junior middle school was significant positively correlated with depression and hopelessness （r=0.43 and 0.64 respectively,P＜0.01）.Hopelessness partly mediated the relationship between depression and suicide risk （55.8％）.Furthermore,hopelessness showed partial mediating effect on the relationship between depression and suicide risk in boys （42.7％） and in 7th Grade students （29.9％）,and also complete mediating effect in girls （74.1％） and in 8th Grade students （95.3％）.Conclusion The suicide risk in middle school students increase with the increasing of the severity of depression and hopelessness.The hopelessness plays different mediating effects on relation between depression and suicide risk in students with different gender and grade.